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Dear Community,</div>
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Council received the following forwarded email from former Council Member Andrew Shoemaker. Andrew is a practicing Colorado Attorney.</div>
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Of note, the attachment to the attached memo, <b>Report from the Campaign Finance and Elections Working Group to Boulder City Council
</b>dated April 17, 2018 is an important read.</div>
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Thank you.</div>
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<i style="color: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 13px;"><b><font color="008000" data-ogsc="" style="">Mary Dolores Young</font></b></i><br>
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<span style="margin:0px; font-size:10pt; line-height:19.2px; font-family:ArialMT,ArialMT_MSFontService,sans-serif"><font color="339966" style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 13px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" data-ogsc=""><i>"All ethics ... rest
upon a single premise: that the individual is a member of a community of interdependent parts..."</i><span> </span>- Aldo Leopold</font></span></p>
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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" color="#000000" style="font-size: 11pt;" data-ogsc=""><b>From:</b> Andrew Shoemaker <ashoemaker@sgslitigation.com><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, July 21, 2020 12:06 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Council <council@bouldercolorado.gov><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Ballot Measures Discussion</font>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: sans-serif; color: black; font-weight: bold; padding: 0.2em;">External Sender</span>
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Members of Council,</span></p>
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">I am writing regarding the ballot measures discussion scheduled for this evening and having just read the Staff memorandum. With all due respect to the City Attorney's office, the City Attorney continues to fail to
address the compelling and legally clear reasons that state law applies to amendments to Boulder’s Charter. </span></p>
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">(1) Section 37 of the Charter is clear that the Charter's signature and timing requirements apply to legislative ordinances but <u>not</u> to amendments to the Charter. Charter amendments are included in the list
in the first sentence, but Charter amendments are not included in the list in the second sentence. Accordingly, rules of statutory construction dictate that Charter amendments are therefore excluded from the application of the second sentence. It is the second
sentence that applies the signature and timing provisions from the Charter (“shall be acted upon as hereinafter provided”). </span></p>
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">(2) When the elections working group presented the Charter changes in 2018, the Staff memo attached and endorsed the report of the elections working group as the basis for the changes. The language could not be clearer: </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(49, 51, 53); letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">"The
[charter amendment] process is governed by state law and a time table set by the state. The city has limited ability to change any aspect of how charter amendments go to the ballot. . . . We focused on the local processes (municipal initiative, referendum
and recall), and did not try to add local laws to fill in any minor holes in the state's extensive rules for initiated charter amendments. <u>To repeat, state law sets the required number of signatures, the petition format, and the timeline for such charter
amendments</u>. Thus, there is very little local flexibility." </span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(49, 51, 53); letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">Apr. 14, 2018 Staff Memo at 16-</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">17,
attached (emphasis added). The citizens voted on the 2018 Charter changes based one these representations that provide no room for the City Attorney's current view that the Charter governs the signature and timing requirements for Charter amendments.
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">(3) Additionally, Section 137 of the Charter provides: "</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(49, 51, 53); letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">This charter may be amended as provided in article XX of the
constitution of the State of Colorado." It does not say that it may be amended pursuant to the provisions in the Charter.</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif"></span></p>
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">The City Attorney's failure to address this analysis -- instead focusing on a case out of Colorado Springs (see July 21, 2020 Staff Memo at 6-7) -- is puzzling and concerning. I and others have raised this issue with
the City Attorney’s office (and the ballot proponents) on a number of occasions. The City Attorney’s office continues to bury its head in the sand on the language of both sentences of Section 37 of the Charter as well as the legislative history (<i>i.e</i>.,
the attached elections working group report). </span></p>
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Further, the chart prepared in response to Council member Young's question is superficial and does not scratch the surface and address whether any home rule city actually has attempted to supplant or replace state
law rules with local rules on charter amendments. The Staff memo is telling in that it says that some jurisdictions "</span><span style="font-family:Helvetica,sans-serif">appear to reserve to the council the ability to supersede state law." Put differently,
the City Attorney's office is not aware of any home rule jurisdiction that has attempted to supersede state law on a home rule charter amendment. But Boulder is suggesting that it can do just that. Accordingly, the City Attorney’s current interpretation
of its Charter is unprecedented.</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif"></span></p>
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">With respect to the Staff's suggestion that it would be "fair" to place these proposed Charter amendments on the ballot simply because Staff made an error in its guidelines, that analysis also is flawed. These proposed
Charter amendments have not, and cannot, meet either legal standard -- that set by the State or that set in the Charter. The City's guidance was flawed in that it mixed and matched different guidelines from the State and Charter law. A court would disallow
a ballot measure for such cherry picking. It is no more unfair for the City Attorney and Clerk to correct the error now than it would be for the City Attorney and Clerk to certify the measure and allow it to be invalidated by a court. Indeed, were the Council
to put these proposed Charter amendments on the ballot for the reasons set forth in the Staff memo, that is no different than the City Council mixing and matching to change the signature and timing requirements (which it does not have the jurisdiction to do).
The Staff memo recommendation is nothing more than an attempt to insulate the City Attorney’s office ignoring the signature and timing requirements by using Council authority under the guise of “fairness.”
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Further, the advocates for each of these proposed Charter amendments were aware of the legal risks and were advised to seek legal advice by the City and by various citizens. They nonetheless proceeded forward assuming
the risks.</span></p>
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">What would be "fair" is to address occupancy and the housing problems on the Hill legislatively. Council has ignored this issue for too long, and kudos to the Bedrooms proponents for putting the Council in a position
where it is forced to consider addressing an issue that has been ignored by the City for too long.
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif"> </span></p>
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Finally, I have written elsewhere about the unintended consequences of the Bedrooms proposal and how the matter should be handled legislatively. I will not repeat that here. However, I saw that former Council member
Burton wrote an email to Council suggesting that language that she and I worked on was suitable for creating a working group to be conducted in tandem with the Bedrooms amendment. That is incorrect. She and I worked on draft language for an <u>alternative</u> to
the Bedrooms proposal. While she apparently changed her position at the last minute, it is apparent from the proposed language that it assumes a legislative solution to be derived from the working group. A working group in tandem with the Bedrooms amendment
is nothing more than window dressing, as any working group would be severely hamstrung by the Charter amendment. </span></p>
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<span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Thank you for your service, and I look forward to watching the discussion tonight. </span></p>
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<div>
<div dir="ltr">Andrew R. Shoemaker<br>
Shoemaker Ghiselli + Schwartz LLC<br>
1811 Pearl Street<br>
Boulder, Colorado 80302<br>
(303) 530-3452 (office)<br>
(303) 530-4071 (fax)<br>
<a href="http://www.sgslitigation.com" target="_blank">www.sgslitigation.com</a><br>
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